Growth inhibition induced by knockdown of UCK2. (A) Immunoblots showing reduced expression of UCK2, but not UCK1, protein in TL-Om1 and MT-2 cells at 3 days after transduction with shRNA targeting UCK2 (sh-UCK2), or a scramble shRNA control (Con-sh). (B-C) Cells were stained with trypan blue stain 3 to 5 days after transduction of Con-sh [blue] or sh-UCK2 [red], and the number of live cells was counted. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. (D) Cell cycle distribution was examined 3 days after transduction. Blue columns, G1; red columns, S; green columns, G2/M. Results are expressed as the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. (E) TL-Om1 cells were stained for SA-β-gal at 3 to 5 days after transduction. (F) Principal component analysis plot in gene expression profiles of TL-Om1 [circle] and MT-2 [triangle] cells transduced for 3 days with Con-sh [blue] or sh-UCK2 [red]. (G) Gene set enrichment analysis of the Con-sh and sh-UCK2 group using the Curated (C2) gene sets (Reactome subset of CP) from the Molecular Signatures Database. FDR, False discovery rate; NES, Normalized enrichment score.