Manhattan plots and regional association plots for GWAS meta-analyses of GT and severe GT. Manhattan plots for GWAS meta-analysis of GT (11 138 cases and 85 294 controls) (A) and severe GT (906 cases and 97 283 controls) (B). GWAS for each hospital was carried out with a logistic regression model and the first to 10th principal components and maternal age as covariates. The x-axis shows the ordered chromosomes, and the y-axis indicates –log₁₀ (P value) for the association tests. The dashed black line represents the genome-wide significance threshold of the P value for GWAS (P = 5 × 10^–8). Labels in black indicate the nearest gene of the novel loci. Regional association plots for GWAS meta-analysis of severe GT at 1q23.1 (PEAR1) (C) and 20q13.32 (TUBB1) (D). The x-axis shows the chromosomal positions (GRCh38) and the y-axis indicates –log₁₀(P value) for the association tests. The purple diamond indicates the lead SNP of each locus. The other SNPs are colored based on their LD r² with the lead SNP. The horizontal dashed gray line represents the genome-wide significance threshold for GWAS (P = 5 × 10^–8).