S aureus induces drug resistance in malignant T cells through direct and indirect TCR activation.S aureus can induce drug resistance in malignant T cells through secretion of SE using 2 distinct pathways: (1) direct TCR-dependent, JAK-independent pathway mediated through PKC-dependent NF-κB signaling (upper part), and (2) an indirect JAK-dependent pathway, which relies on SE-induced cytokine production in bystander T cells or the malignant cells themselves in an auto/paracrine fashion (lower part).