Figure 1.
CTBP2 expression and prognostic relevance in MM. (A) CTBP2 expression in normal plasma cells (NPC) and newly diagnosed Chinese patients with MM was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using a custom TaqMan assay for CTBP2. GAPDH served as the control. (B) Expression of CTBP2 using probe set 210554_s_at in NPC, patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering MM (SMM), and MM from microarray data sets (left, combined GSE2658 and GSE5900; middle, GSE6477; right, GSE47552). Statistical significance of differences was determined using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey multiple comparison test. (C) Transcript and protein expression of CTBP2 in HMCLs were examined by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (upper) and immunoblotting (lower). The B-ALL cell line SEM was used as a positive control. GAPDH and β-actin served as the control, respectively. (D) Immunofluorescence analysis showing the expression and sublocalization of CTBP2 protein in MM cell lines and patient (16) MM cells (400× original magnification). As in panel C, SEM cells were used as positive control. The cells were counterstained with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) for nuclear visualization. (E) Kaplan-Meier analyses showing the prognostic relevance of CTBP2 expression on OS in newly diagnosed patients with MM: UAMS TT2 cohort (GSE2658), MMRF CoMMpass trial IA11 release, and relapsed patient cohort with MM: APEX Trial (GSE9782) using the log-rank test. The optimal cutoff was determined using Cutoff Finder. (F) Dot plot showing median CTBP2 expression among the 7 molecular subgroups in the TT2 cohort. (G) Dot plot showing CTBP2 expression based on GPI-50 gene proliferation index in the TT2 cohort. MMRF, Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation.

CTBP2 expression and prognostic relevance in MM. (A) CTBP2 expression in normal plasma cells (NPC) and newly diagnosed Chinese patients with MM was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using a custom TaqMan assay for CTBP2. GAPDH served as the control. (B) Expression of CTBP2 using probe set 210554_s_at in NPC, patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering MM (SMM), and MM from microarray data sets (left, combined GSE2658 and GSE5900; middle, GSE6477; right, GSE47552). Statistical significance of differences was determined using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey multiple comparison test. (C) Transcript and protein expression of CTBP2 in HMCLs were examined by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (upper) and immunoblotting (lower). The B-ALL cell line SEM was used as a positive control. GAPDH and β-actin served as the control, respectively. (D) Immunofluorescence analysis showing the expression and sublocalization of CTBP2 protein in MM cell lines and patient (16) MM cells (400× original magnification). As in panel C, SEM cells were used as positive control. The cells were counterstained with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) for nuclear visualization. (E) Kaplan-Meier analyses showing the prognostic relevance of CTBP2 expression on OS in newly diagnosed patients with MM: UAMS TT2 cohort (GSE2658), MMRF CoMMpass trial IA11 release, and relapsed patient cohort with MM: APEX Trial (GSE9782) using the log-rank test. The optimal cutoff was determined using Cutoff Finder. (F) Dot plot showing median CTBP2 expression among the 7 molecular subgroups in the TT2 cohort. (G) Dot plot showing CTBP2 expression based on GPI-50 gene proliferation index in the TT2 cohort. MMRF, Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation.

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