CTBP2 activates interferon pathway genes in MM. (A-C) GSEA of transcriptome data for hallmark gene sets (A), Gene Ontology Biological Process (GO BP) (B), and interferon pathway gene sets (C) ranked by normalized enrichment scores. Bubble plot showing the top gene sets upregulated by CTBP2 with FDR <0.05. Size and color of each bubble represent the number of DEGs in each pathway and the FDR, respectively. (D-G) After overexpression of CTBP2, the expression of ISGs (D), IFIT3 (E), and MYC (F) in HMCLs was evaluated by RQ-PCR. GAPDH served as the loading control. (G) Immunoblotting analysis of IFIT3 and MYC. β-actin served as the loading control. In panels D-F, results are expressed as the mean ± SD of triplicate measurements from at least 3 independent experiments. ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001, ∗∗∗∗P < .0001.