Effect of empagliflozin on intracellular and plasma AMPs. (A) Median ± quartiles of intracellular LTF concentration for the 7 patients with GSD1b and 11 healthy controls, and (B) the individual profiles. (E) Median ± quartiles of intracellular defensins concentration for the patients and controls, and (F) the individual profiles. (I) Median ± quartiles of plasma LTF concentration for the patients and controls, and (J) the individual profiles. (M) Median ± quartiles of [plasma defensins] for the patients and controls, and (N) the individual profiles. (Q) Median ± quartiles of plasma LL-37 concentration for the patients and controls, and (R) the individual profiles. Spearman correlation analysis between plasma 1,5-AG concentration or plasma G-CSF concentration and intracellular LTF concentration (C-D), intracellular defensins concentration (G-H), plasma LTF concentration (K-L), plasma defensins concentration (O-P) and plasma LL-37 concentration (S-T). Statistically significant differences between patients and healthy controls (black) were determined by ordinary 1-way ANOVA for unpaired data, whereas mixed-effect analysis for paired data was used to compare values at 3 and 12 months after the start of empagliflozin treatment with values obtained before the start of treatment (blue). For clarity, only P values <.5 are shown.