Gene expression markers and response to venetoclax. (A) Gene expression differences for BCL2, BCL2/BCL2L1, and BCL2/MCL1 in responders (PR or better) and nonresponders (less than PR). (B) Six-gene signature (ATP1B3, MYL2, CNR1, FKBPL, LRRK2-DT, and LINC02541) significantly stratifies patients according to PFS and depth of response. (C) Validation of 6-gene signature in an independent cohort of venetoclax-treated patients with clinical response data. (D) Validation of 6-gene signature in a data set of primary MM cells treated ex vivo with venetoclax. Nonresp, nonresponders; Resp, responders.