MMPs in thrombus from patients with thrombotic stroke and VTE. (A) RNA extracted from 7 mg of thrombus was quantified using reverse transcriptase PCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) for MMPs. Where RNA was found in at least 3 thrombi from each group, the data are reported as the mean ± SEM. The absence of data points indicated that RNA in the thrombus (but not in the positive control) was not detected. (B) Protein extracted from 7 mg thrombus was isolated and analyzed for separation by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) then activity assessed by in-gel zymography. MMP9 is the dominant isoform at 96 kDa seen most prominently in venous thrombi. A representative zymogram for n = 3 thrombi evaluated in each group is shown. Missing data points indicated that the gene was not present in the analyzed sample.