TLR4-biased signaling in platelets. Different chemotypes of LPS trigger either the MyD88-independent or MyD88-dependent pathways in platelets. IKK, NF-κB kinase; IRAK, interleukin-1 receptor–associated kinase; NEMO, NF-κB essential modulator; TAK1, transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase 1; TBK1, TRAF family member–associated NF-κB activator binding kinase-1; TRAF, tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor; TRAM, TRIF-related adapter molecule.