The Hsp90 inhibitor 17-AAG and radicicol induce ER stress in myeloma cells. (A) Treatment of myeloma cells over a 24-hour period with 17-AAG or radicicol-induced splicing of XBP1, as demonstrated by reverse-transcription PCR. (B) Levels of the proapoptotic factor CHOP were determined by real-time Taqman PCR. (C) Immunoblotting of nuclear fractions of cell lysates demonstrated an increase in cleaved ATF6α. Representative cell line data on U266 are shown. All experiments were repeated in triplicate.