Elevated numbers of circulating NCR⁺ ILC3 after HSCT in patients without GVHD. (A) Mucositis was scored daily during HSCT conditioning therapy and thereafter in 24 patients (enrolled in cohort 2 after the year 2007; Table 1). Most patients in whom acute GVHD developed had grade II or grade III mucositis during conditioning therapy, whereas most patients in whom acute GVHD did not develop had grade I or grade II mucositis. (B) NCR⁺ ILC3 numbers 12 weeks after allogeneic HSCT for patients with or without acute GVHD or chronic GVHD (n = 40 [cohort 2, Table 1]). (C) The dichotomy between circulating NCR⁺ ILC3 numbers for patients in whom chronic GVHD would and would not develop was apparent as early as 6 weeks after allogeneic HSCT, a time point at which acute GVHD had developed in none of the patients and all patients were on maximal immunosuppressive therapy to prevent GVHD (n = 6 [cohort 1, Table 1]). Data are shown as median values with interquartile ranges. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001. HC, healthy controls (n = 8 [cohort 2] in panel A and n = 10 [cohort 1] in panel B).