Clonality of asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers over time. Each colored bar segment represents a unique clone, and the segment width represents the clone size. (A) Clonality among ACs who remained ACs over time. These samples exhibited polyclonal patterns (uniform distribution) over all analyzed time points. (B) Clonality among ACs who progressed to different ATL subtypes over time. These samples largely exhibited expanded oligoclonal or monoclonal patterns.