General considerations for correct interpretation of MRD results. This schematic illustrates that MRD is a time point (TP)–dependent variable. Therefore, the prognostic meaning of MRD negativity is different when measured very early during therapy (Treatment Element A) compared with late time points (Treatment Element B). For example, MRD assessment at the end of induction therapy is useful for recognizing patients with low risk of relapse, and MRD measurement at the end of consolidation therapy is useful for identifying patients at high risk of relapse. In addition, the prognostic significance of MRD might be influenced by subsequent treatment elements (Treatment Elements C and D). MRD negativity does not necessarily indicate the eradication of the disease but does indicate a decrease to a level below the detection limit of the respective assay. Therefore, the knowledge of the sensitivity of the method is important for correct interpretation of the results.