Progenitor-derived cells from the peripheral blood of a patient with sickle cell disease were cultured in the absence (control) and presence of butyrate. Globin synthesis was assessed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography and expressed as % γ/(γ+β). mRNA levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and are expressed as fold change relative to the control and as % γ/(γ+β). DNA methylation at 5 CpG sites in the γ-globin promoters was determined by pyrosequencing and expressed as the average of the methylation at all five sites. Acetylation of histones H3 and H4 was measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with quantitative real-time PCR and expressed as sum of acetylated H3 and acetylated H4 (acH3+acH4). Larger symbols indicate that the changes from the control are statistically significant (i.e., p < 0.05, paired t-test).