IL-27 and SCF generate short-term repopulating cells from CD34⁻KSL cells. CD34⁻KSL cells (40 cells) were stimulated with SCF (50 ng/mL) and IL-27 (10 ng/mL) for 7 days in serum-free culture. Cultured cells were transplanted with competitor cells (SCF + IL-27). Freshly isolated CD34⁻KSL cells (40 cells) also were transplanted with competitor cells as controls (No Culture). At 3, 7, and 12 weeks after transplantation, recipients (n = 3 for each group) were killed and peripheral blood, spleen, thymus, and BM were analyzed. Data are shown as the mean (± SEM). * indicates P < .05 compared with controls.