Manhattan plot of DS-ALL GWAS meta-analysis results. Genome-wide −log10(P) values from meta-analysis of 7 separate DS-ALL GWA studies, including 4 European (in COG/NDSP study 1 and 2, Michigan-based DS-ALL study, and IS-DSAL), 2 Hispanic (in COG/NDSP study 2 and IS-DSAL), and 1 African American ancestry (COG/NDSP study 1) case-control sets. Analysis included 6 758 624 autosomal and non–chromosome 21 SNPs (trisomic genotypes analyzed separately), and results are reported for SNPs successfully imputed in at least 6 out of 7 studies. Red horizontal line represents the genome-wide significance threshold of P = 5 × 10⁻⁸.