The figure shows a link between commensals and hematopoietic homeostasis. CX3CR1⁺ BM resident macrophages capture circulating bDNA wrapped in EVs, sense the cargo in their endosomal compartment with TLRs, and in response, produce proinflammatory cytokines that influence the abundance of hematopoietic precursors, such as multipotent progenitors (MPPs), and their output. MF, CX3CR1⁺ macrophage.