Risk of NHL is inversely related to CD4 cell count. The lowest risk is between 350 and 500 CD4 cells/mm³ and does not change appreciably as the CD4 cells increase beyond that level. The risk increases substantially below 200 CD4 cells/mm³. Preserving CD4 cells with cART thus decreases the incidence of lymphoma and shifts toward the favorable subtypes to the left in the diagram. AIDS complications risk can also be ameliorated with cART. Note that within CD4⁺ cell strata, the ARL incidence has not changed comparing the cART and pre-cART eras.¹  CB indicates centroblastic; IB, immunoblastic; PCP, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia; MAC, mycobacterium avium complex; KS, Kaposi sarcoma; KSHV, Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpes virus; and PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Adapted with permission from Besson et al,¹  Little et al,²  and Dunleavy et al.³