Mean echocardiographic left ventricular Z-score measurements 5 years after completing treatment in HR ALL patients randomized to receive doxorubicin alone or with dexrazoxane (DFCI Consortium Protocol 95–001)
Z-score represents the number of SDs above or below predicted values in healthy children. A Z-score of zero indicates that the mean of the observed values is at the expected mean for a normal population. Adapted with permission from Lipshultz et al, 2010.14