Depletion of NK cells alters the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance.

Supernatant from CTL cultures was tested for cytokine content. (A) Th1-associated cytokines: IFN-γ (U/mL, measured on day 5 of restimulation), TNF-α (pg/mL, 4 times diluted, measured on day 5 of restimulation), IL-2 (pg/mL, twice diluted, measured on day 2 of restimulation), and GM-CSF (pg/mL, 4 times diluted, measured on day 5 of restimulation). (B) Th2-associated cytokine/chemokine: IL-4 (pg/mL, measured on day 3 of restimulation) and MCP-1 (pg/mL, 40 times diluted, measured on day 5 of restimulation). All results are expressed as mean values of 3 or 4 experiments ± SEM. Comparative statistical analysis of α-ASGM-1–treated and nontreated conditions was done: for (A) all P ≤ .04; for (B), * indicatesP ≤ .03.