TLR signaling in ICSBP^−/− DCs.

(A-B) DCs generated in vitro were stimulated with LPS for time indicated (hours) and transcript expression was detected by semiquantitative RT-PCR (A) or real-time PCR (B). mRNA levels in panel A were quantified as described in the legened to Figure 2. (C) A model for the role of ICSBP in DC development. ICSBP acts in an early stage influencing the development of immature DCs. This transcription factor is critical for DC maturation and controls expression of IL-12 p40, CD8α, and MHC II in response to multiple activation signals. ICSBP directly regulates expression of genes marked in red, but not those in blue.