TLR ligands potentiate production of cytokines in BMMCs. IgE-primed cultures of BMMCs from C57BL/6 mice were incubated for 3 hours with vehicle (–), the indicated concentrations of antigen (Ag), 100 ng/mL LPS, 1 μg/mL P3C, 100 ng/mL MALP2, or 100 μg/mL PGN, individually or in combination. TNFα (A) and IL-6 (B, C) were determined by ELISA. A different source of C57BL/6 mice was used for the experiments shown in panel C. Values are the mean ± SEM from 3 cultures and are representative of 3 experiments.