Dendritic cell maturation and CXCL13/IL-10 expression in B henselae–induced granuloma. In CSD granuloma the necrotic areas (*) are surrounded by numerous CD208⁺ mature DCs (A) and CXCL13⁺ cells (B); the latter population exhibits an obvious dendritic morphology (B inset). Single exposures of dual-color immunofluorescence for CD11c (Ci) and CXCL13 (Cii) and their color merging (Ciii), showing coexpression of CXCL13 and CD11c in a single cell within the granulomas; cells with an obvious dendritic morphology coexpressing CD68 and CXCL13 (Civ) and CD14 and CXCL13 (Cv) were identified within the granulomas; in panel D, a CXCL13⁺ cell surrounded by numerous CD20⁺ B lymphocytes is shown. (E-F) Anti–IL-10 and anti-CXCL8 immunoreactivity is evident in the granulomas (*, central necrotic and suppurative area). Immunoperoxidase technique for CD208 and CXCL13 counterstained with Meyer hematoxylin (A-B). Double immunofluorescence for CXCL13 (green; Cii-v and D), CD11c (red; Ci,iii), CD68 (Civ), CD14 (Cv), and CD20 (red; D). Immunoalkaline-phosphatase technique for IL-10 (E) and immunoperoxidase technique for CXCL8 (F). Original magnifications, × 100 (A-B,E-F), × 400 (B inset, Ci-v), and × 600 (D).