IL-2 treatment restores the NKT cell compartment in primary HIV-1–infected subjects. Longitudinal measurement of (A) mean NKT cell counts, (B) mean CD4⁺ T-cell counts, (C) mean viral loads, (D-F) the proportion of CD4, CD161, and CCR5 expressing NKT cells in ART+IL-2–treated (▾), ART-treated (○), and untreated subjects (•). Standard errors are indicated. *P < .05; **P < .005; and ***P < .001, as determined by Wilcoxon signed rank test, indicating statistically significant differences comparing data at baseline and the end of the study period within the respective groups. Horizontal line in panel C indicates limit of detection.