Granzyme B is released in experimental allergic late-phase reaction in asthma patients. Segmental allergen provocation was performed in 13 patients suffering from allergic asthma. Separate lung segments were challenged with saline or antigen, and BAL was performed in the same session 10 minutes later. Eighteen hours after challenge, a second bronchoscopy was performed and BAL was repeated for recovery of inflammatory mediators. (A) Tryptase, IL-13, GzmB, and GzmA levels in the BAL fluids of each of 13 patients analyzed are shown. (B) Shown are the correlations between tryptase levels of the challenged site in the immediate response (10 minutes) and GzmB levels in the late-phase reactions (18 hours) as well as correlations between IL-13, GzmB, and GzmA levels in BAL fluids of the challenged segment 18 hours after allergen provocation.