Resistance to detachment and lateral locomotion of CCL21-stimulated wt or DOCK2–/–T lymphocytes on integrin ligands under prolonged application of shear stress. (A) Wt and DOCK2–/– T lymphocytes were settled for 1 minute on VCAM-1 alone or coimmobilized with CCL21 as described in Figure 1D. Cells were then subjected to a shear stress of 2 dyne/cm2 for the indicated periods, and the percentage of initially settled cells remaining adherent was determined as a function of shear application time. (B) Locomotion of adherent wt and DOCK2–/– T lymphocytes (which resisted detachment for at least 1 minute of shear flow application) on VCAM-1 coimmobilized with CCL21, determined as described in “Materials and methods.” (C) Resistance to detachment with time of wt and DOCK2–/– T cells from ICAM-1 coated alone or with CCL21, determined as in panel A. (D) Locomotion on ICAM-1 coimmobilized with CCL21, determined as in panel B. Mean values ± range determined in 2 representative fields are presented. Experiments are each representative of 3 independent experiments.
