Dectin-1 promotes TNF-α production induced in BMMϕs upon infection with nonpathogenic or attenuated mycobacteria but not H37Rv. BMMϕs were infected with M smegmatis, M phlei, or M bovis BCG (A) or M tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra (B) in the presence of anti–dectin-1 mAb 2A11 or isotype control Ab. After a 4-hour infection, BMMϕs were washed, fresh medium was added to the cells, and the infection was continued for a total of 24 hours. Culture supernates were analyzed by ELISA for TNF-α. *Significant to mycobacteria plus PBS (P < .01). Values are expressed as means + SD. Data are representative of 3 separate experiments. Smeg indicates M smegmatis; RC, noninfected BMMϕs; and Iso-Control, isotype control Ab.