AIDE induces the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 expression and tumor-cell death. (A) ΔΨm collapse was measured using the Apoalert Mitochondrial Membrane Sensor kit. Results are representative of at least 2 experiments performed with different HTLV-1–transformed cells. (B) C8166 cells were treated with buffer control, As/IFN-α for 60 hours with or without increasing emodin and DHA. Cells were then harvested, washed in PBS without Ca^++/Mg²⁺, and stained using the Vybrant Apoptosis kit. Annexin V conjugated to fluorescein allowed the identification of apoptosis (AV⁺/PI⁻) versus necrosis cell death (AV⁻/PI⁺) by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). (C) Western blot analysis of PARP and caspase 3 activation. Actin was used to confirm equal loading.