Five-year EFS and cumulative incidence of relapse for G-CSF–treated patients and controls. Five-year EFS (left y-axis, both upper curves) and cumulative incidence of relapse at 5 years (right y-axis, both lower curves) for patients treated according to AML-BFM 98 and randomized to receive prophylactic G-CSF (n = 161, dotted curves) or not to receive G-CSF (n = 156, solid curves).