Human T cells express both CCR5 and CXCR4 in DKO-hu HSC mice. Human CD34⁺ cells were injected intrahepatically in newborn DKO mice. (A) A representative cohort of 12 DKO-hu HSC mice reconstituted with FL CD34⁺ cells is analyzed by FACS. Individual open bars represent percentage of human CD45⁺ cells in total peripheral blood lymphoid cells (14 weeks after transplantation). The dark bars indicate the percentage of human CD3⁺CD4⁺ cells. (B) Long-term T-cell reconstitution in DKO-hu HSC mice. At 33 weeks after transplantation, the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ pattern on human CD45⁺ cells in the PBMCs, spleen, and thymus are analyzed. (C) Expression of HIV-1 coreceptors on human CD4⁺ T cells. Representative FACS analysis of CCR5 (top) or CXCR4 (bottom) on human CD45⁺CD3⁺CD4⁺ cells in PBMCs and lymphoid organs of DKO-hu HSC mice. ITTP indicates intrathymic T progenitor (CD4⁺CD8⁻CD3⁺); DP, double positive (CD4⁺CD8⁺ thymocytes); CD4SP, CD4⁺ single positive (CD4⁺CD8⁻ thymocytes).