Effect of W&K treatment (3 mg/g warfarin and 1.5 mg/g vitamin K1) on the presence of calcification and MGP at the 12-week time point. Sections were prepared as described in the legend of Figure 2. Longitudinal sections of each thoracic aorta were stained with von Kossa (A) and immunohistochemically with anti–t-MGP (B), anti-ucMGP (C), and anti-cMGP (D) (see “Materials and methods” for details). It is clearly demonstrated that because of the W&K diet arterial calcification was significantly present. In panel B total MGP is up-regulated in the calcified area. From panel D it can be seen that cMGP is almost absent, whereas significant amounts of the inactive ucMGP are present around the calcified area (C). Arrow indicates same area. Red stain indicates MGP, black stain indicates calcium, and blue indicates cell nuclei. Magnification, × 400. A indicates adventitia; M, media; and L, lumen. Details of image acquisition are provided in the legend of Figure 2.
