Treatment and follow-up. Treatment and design schema (A) and patient follow-up diagram (B). Reduction phase COP: cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), and prednisone.⁴  Induction phase COPADM1 and COPADM2: cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), prednisone, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and methotrexate.⁴  Intensification phase CYVE or mini CYVE: cytosine arabinosine 3 g/m² versus 2 g/m² and etoposide 200 mg/m² versus 100 mg/m².⁴  Maintenance phase: maintenance 1, 2, 3 and 4.⁴  Rectangles indicate approximate times of treatment failure events; SMN, secondary malignant neoplasm.