Human cord blood Lin⁻hCD34⁺hCD38⁻ HSCs give rise to DC subsets as well as other progenitors. (A) Purification of Lin⁻hCD34⁺hCD38⁻ HSCs from the CD34⁺ cell–enriched cord blood. (B) cDC and pDC progeny in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood of NOD-scid/IL2rγ^null recipients of human cord blood HSCs. (C) Human HSCs gave rise to myeloid and lymphoid progenitors in the recipients' bone marrow, recapitulating normal human hematopoietic development. (D) The phenotype of purified HSC-derived cDCs and pDCs by FACS. (E) Changes in quantity of IFN mRNA in purified cDCs and pDCs before and after CpG stimulation. Representative data of 2 independent experiments are shown. FSC indicates forward scatter; and BM, bone marrow. Error bars represent the SEM of triplicate cultures.