HLA-G T cells are present in sites of neuroinflammation and inflammatory myopathies. (A) FACS analysis of paired blood and CSF specimens from patients with and without neuroinflammatory diseases was performed. Gates for CD4⁺ lymphocytes were set on CD4/FSC dot blots, and the percentage of HLA-G^pos cells was assessed in comparison with a negative control. A representative staining of 1 patient is shown. (B) Summary of paired samples of blood and CSF specimens for CD4 HLA-G^pos T cells from NIND (left), OIND (middle), and MS (right) patients. Mean with SEM for each patient group is shown in upper panel; single pairing of blood-CSF samples for each patient is shown in lower panel. (C) Comparison of CD4 HLA-G^pos T-cell percentages of MS patients in acute or stable phase of the disease. Again mean with SEM is shown in upper panel; lower panel shows single patient pairing. (D) Consecutive cryosections of muscle from patients with polymyositis were stained with the HLA-G–specific mAb 87G, the CD8 mAb B9.11 either as single staining (left column) or as double immunofluorescence. Besides some muscle fibers (asterisk), part of the CD8 T cells (arrowhead and arrows), found to surround or even invade muscle fibers, also stains positive for HLA-G. Original magnifications: HLA-G single staining: (magnification × 250); CD8 single staining and CD8/ HLA-G double staining: (magnification × 500). Sections were analyzed using an Axiophot 2 microscope (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).