Absolute neutrophils and monocytes counts in the blood of LPS-injected mice. Compound mutant G-CSF^−/−/GM-CSF^−/− (G,GM-CSF^−/−) and wild-type (wt) mice were injected with LPS (30 μg/mouse in 100 μL PBS) or with PBS. 3 mice were killed at each time point after injection. Total WBC for each sample were determined using a Sysmex K1000 automated counter. Blood smears were stained with May Grünwald/Giemsa and differential counts were performed on a Nikon 90 I microscope using a 60× oil lens. (A) Absolute blood counts for polymorphic neutrophils (PMNs, solid symbols) and monocytes (open symbols) in G-CSF^−/−/GM-CSF^−/− and wt mice, respectively. Symbols refer to individual values for each mouse with the average for each group indicated by horizontal bars. (B) Fold increase in the total number of PMNs (left panel) and monocytes (right panel) with time after exposure to LPS. Closed symbols, G-CSF^−/−/GM-CSF^−/− mice; open symbols, wild-type mice.