Phenotypic changes in the HIV-specific CD45RA+ CD8+ T-cell subset after activation. PBMCs were separated with CD45RA magnetic microbeads, and the isolated CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ fractions were cultured with anti-CD3 overnight or with a specific HIV peptide for 6 days. HIV-multimer and CD45RO staining were assessed on days 0, 1, and 6 by flow cytometry. (A-C) CD45RO expression on HIV-specific CD8+ T cells from negative fraction CD45RO+ and positive fraction CD45RA+ on days 0, 1, and 6, respectively.