Impairment of integrin αV function by RNAi or S36578 mediated a change in cell shape and adhesion. (A) Immunofluorescence of HeLa cells and MDMs either nontreated or treated with siRNAs (siNontargeting and siAlphaV#2) or S36578. Cells were immunostained for integrin αV (green) and counterstained for filamentous actin with phalloidin (red). A change in cell shape and adhesion was observed as a consequence of the impairment of αV function. Bar represents 25 μm. (B) Antiviral activity of S36578 comparing adhesive versus nonadhesive conditions in HeLa cells. Percentage of replication compared with the untreated control of cells cultured in adhesive (■) or nonadhesive conditions (□) is represented. Data are mean plus or minus SD of 2 independent experiments. (C) Antiviral activity of S36578 comparing adhesive versus low adhesive conditions in MDMs. Percentage of replication compared with the untreated control of cells cultured in adhesive (■) or low adhesive conditions (□) is represented. Data are mean plus or minus SD of at least 3 independent experiments. ND indicates no drug; MDM, monocyte-derived macrophages.