In vitro differentiated TH17 cells mediate extensive pathologic cutaneous lesions in a MHC-match, multiple minor mismatch model of acute GVHD. Whole splenic T cells (4 × 106; n = 6) or TH17 cells (4 × 106; n = 8; differentiated as in Figure 1) from C3H.SW mice were transferred with T cell–depleted bone marrow cells into lethally irradiated B6/SJL recipients. Animals were monitored for survival (A) and signs of GVHD (B). (C) Comparison of pathologic skin lesions in recipients of 5 × 106 TH17 cells (left animal) versus recipients of whole splenic T cells (right animal) at day 37 after transplantation.