Figure 7
![Figure 7. Thrombin is sufficient to initiate and amplify immune responses. Hemostatically normal BALB/c were immunized with either intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg; n = 7) or intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg) + thrombin (5 IU; n = 8). Seven days after the last injection, (A) serum samples were analyzed for antibody response to OVA (17.9 ± 5.1 [OVA] vs 169.5 ± 39.7 [OVA + thrombin] μg/mL; **P = .002). (B) Splenic T cells were assayed for the response to OVA. **P = .004. These data indicate that thrombin is sufficient to provide costimulation for the initiation of immune responses to “foreign” proteins.](https://ash.silverchair-cdn.com/ash/content_public/journal/blood/114/21/10.1182_blood-2008-10-186452/4/zh89990944920007.jpeg?Expires=1736060083&Signature=Yc8afRCTyW1gwhGenNGzxRNAqkzEXgu0tH32Q0p7v-fGFA~kYTIJHJJe3RgfE6Y66eWLwhFI4MI-euo-6h0pwa~~VV38flByNjhaM-N7q-sy0DA0RDJ-ADRyHX9NRq69716SouqTMK-zWVjk~Zw0H2WOvpb-VhOpXDvmZtOztSopCQ5-n1M5DfKBW2yOC5gLeIuo5P6qc8v~kCp2ZLNUl4fPcMx8FEMDO9ZWggNfN-57hNo74jR1pmFh6xpOwmutbf2rAV0G5w~cuqDL8RmDjjbzS11vNusg2ghJRI~gpQSoF0gwKYz9~G5fWg8JDLE1FZmRZ2hsmxbHaubeqSalTQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
Thrombin is sufficient to initiate and amplify immune responses. Hemostatically normal BALB/c were immunized with either intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg; n = 7) or intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg) + thrombin (5 IU; n = 8). Seven days after the last injection, (A) serum samples were analyzed for antibody response to OVA (17.9 ± 5.1 [OVA] vs 169.5 ± 39.7 [OVA + thrombin] μg/mL; **P = .002). (B) Splenic T cells were assayed for the response to OVA. **P = .004. These data indicate that thrombin is sufficient to provide costimulation for the initiation of immune responses to “foreign” proteins.
