Partial lethality of LPA4-deficient embryos and pups. (A) Litter sizes of various crosses. Each dot represents 1 litter. *P < .05, **P < .01, and ***P < .001, using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post-hoc test. (B) Change in the number of apparently viable embryos from E4.5 to E18.5. Data represent the mean ± SEM. Numbers in parentheses represent the pregnant female studied. *P < .05 and **P < .001, using 2-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. (C) Number of dead pups by weaning at P21. Data represent the mean ± SEM. Numbers in parentheses represent the litter studied. *P < .05 and **P < .001, using ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test. F, female; M, male.