The Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS) plus prognostic model for primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The DIPSS and prognostic model for PMF uses 8 risk factors for inferior survival: age > 65 years, hemoglobin level < 10 g/dL, leukocyte count > 25 × 10⁹/L, circulating blasts ≥ 1%, presence of constitutional symptoms, presence of unfavorable karyotype, platelet count < 100 × 10⁹/L, and the presence of red cell transfusion need.⁴⁰  *Please note that a transfusion-dependent patient automatically has 2 risk factors because of transfusion need (1 risk point) and hemoglobin level < 10 g/dL (1 risk point). **Constitutional symptoms constitute weight loss > 10% of baseline value in the year preceding diagnosis, unexplained fever, or excessive sweats persisting for > 1 month.³⁸  ***Unfavorable karyotype constitutes complex karyotype or sole or 2 abnormalities that include +8, −7/7q−, i(17q), inv(3), −5/5q− 12p−, or 11q23 rearrangement.⁴¹