AML1/ETO induces AES mRNA and protein expression. (A) AES expression on the mRNA level (quantitative RT-PCR) in U937 cells transfected with an inducible AML1/ETO vector, compared with control cells. The effect was reverted to normal levels of AES expression by histone deacetylase inhibition with trichostatin A (TSA) exposure. (B) U937 cells that express AML1/ETO show high levels of AES protein. Western blot analysis was performed with anti-AES and anti-actin antibody as loading control. (C) AES induction by AML1/ETO (mRNA) in retrovirally transduced CD34⁺ progenitor cells (published data; GDS1074, Gene Expression Omnibus, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Biotechnology Information). (D) AES cDNA expression patterns in hematopoiesis. Total RNA was isolated from sorted murine BM cells; cells were sorted according to indicated surface markers by fluorescence-activated cell sorter. (E) Confocal microcopy pictures show subcellular nuclear localization of AES in HeLa cells and HL-60 cells as indicated.