LDN-193189 prevents the development of turpentine-induced anemia. C57BL/6 mice were injected once a week with turpentine (5 mL/kg intrascapularly) or saline for 3 weeks, while receiving daily injections of LDN-193189 (3 mg/kg IP) or vehicle. Blood Hb levels (A) were reduced by repeated turpentine injection, not affected by LDN-193189 treatment alone, and were increased to levels of untreated mice in turpentine-injected mice treated with LDN-193189 (n = 7 mice each, *,#P < .0001 turpentine-injected vs saline-injected controls, and turpentine-injected vs turpentine-injected treated with LDN-193189). (B) Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was decreased as a result of repeated turpentine injection, and normalized when LDN-193189 was administered in combination with turpentine (*P < .0001 turpentine-injected vs saline-injected controls, #P = .01 turpentine-injected vs turpentine-injected treated with LDN-193189). Serum iron levels (C) were similarly decreased as a result of turpentine-injection, and partially normalized by the concurrent administration of LDN-193189 (*P < .05 turpentine-injected vs saline-injected animals). Data shown are representative of 5 independent experiments.