Increased survival of DMOG-treated BMDACs under hypoxic and acidic conditions ex vivo. (A) Effect of pH and hypoxia on BMDAC-D survival at 5.6mM glucose (▴). After culture for 4 days, equal numbers of BMDACs were exposed to low pH (6.4), nonhypoxic (20% O2), and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions. Cell viability was measured using the Trypan blue exclusion method. (B) Effect of glucose concentration on BMDAC-V and BMDAC-D survival under low pH (6.4) and hypoxia (1% O2). After culture for 4 days, BMDAC viability was measured with the LIVE/DEAD Violet fluorescent dye and flow cytometry. Survival curves under 3 glucose concentrations (0.56 [●], 2.8 [▴], and 5.6mM [■]) are shown. *P < .01, BMDAC-V vs BMDAC-D, by Bonferroni post hoc comparisons after 2-way ANOVA. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 3-5).