A new link between immunity and megakaryocyte function. TLR2 activation by a specific ligand such as Pam3CSK4 induces the following cascade: (1) NFκB, ERK-MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways activation. (2) Increased levels of transcription factors associated with megakaryocyte maturation such as GATA-1, NF-E2, and mTOR. (3) Enhanced gene expression and augmented inflammatory related protein levels of GP1b, CD41, MCP-1, COX2, NFκB1, and TLR2. (4) ROS production, increased adhesion ploidy, and protein expression resulting in platelet production.