ER morphology and expression of UPR markers in WT (+/+) and Lman1^−/− cells. (A) Color panels: Immunofluorescence staining of MEFs derived from WT and Lman1^−/− embryos. MEFs were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, incubated with polyclonal antibodies against ER TRAPα for the ER (red), KDEL receptor for the ERGIC (green), and giantin for the cis-Golgi (green in the first panel, red in the second panel). Black-and-white panels: Morphology of rough ER was visualized by electron microscopy in WT and Lman1^−/− hepatocytes. Scale bars represent 0.5μM. (B) Western blot analysis of GRP78 in liver lysates from WT and Lman1^−/− mice using anti-KDEL antibody. Each lane contains a sample from a different individual mouse.