p38 MAPK controls IL-17 production at the posttranscriptional level. (A) FACS-sorted CD4 T cells from WT B6 mice were differentiated into Th17 cells in the absence or presence of SB203580 (5μM) for the indicated periods of time. The phosphorylation of STAT3 at Ser727 (P-Ser) or at Tyr705 (P-Tyr) was examined by Western blot analysis. Total STAT3 (Total) is also shown. FACS-sorted CD4 T cells from WT mice were activated under Th17 conditions in the absence (control) or presence of SB203580 for 48h. Relative Rorc (B) and Il17 (C) mRNA levels were examined by quantitative real-time PCR using β2-microglobulin as the endogenous control. (D) Relative Il17 mRNA levels in FACS-sorted CD4 T cells from WT B6 and MKK3−/−MKK6+/− mice activated under Th17 conditions for 48h. (E) Intracellular staining for IL-17 and IFNγ in WT total CD4 T cells differentiated into Th17 cells in the absence (control) or presence of SB203580 for 72 hours.