CaR stimulation enhances CXCR4 signaling and cell migration toward SDF-1α. (A) Calcium flux assays in response to 100 ng/mL SDF-1α were performed with the use of purified LK cells. The response in LKS⁺F⁻, LKS⁺F⁺, and LKS⁻F⁺ subpopulations was then analyzed with FlowJo software. Arrow indicates the addition of SDF-1α stimulus; green, control; red, Cinacalcet treated (n = 3 from 3 independent experiments). (B) In vitro chemotaxis assay of LKS⁺F⁻, LKS⁺F⁺, and LKS⁻F⁺ cells to 100 ng/mL SDF-1α after a 3-hour incubation. Blue columns represent chemokinesis controls, red columns represent chemotaxis (***P < .002, *P < .05; n = 3). (C) In vivo lodgment showing the percentages of injected LK cells localized at the endosteal region after ex vivo Cinacalcet and AMD3100 treatment (n = 160 sections from 2 independent experiments; error bars represent SEMs).