Administration of anti–IL-2Rα mAb during lymphopenia augments vaccine-induced antitumor efficacy. B16/F10.9-OVA tumors were implanted subcutaneously in C57BL/6 mice, and TMZ was administered 3 days later. One week after implantation, cohorts of mice received vaccination with or without αIL-2Rα mAb administration. Mice were additionally vaccinated on days 12 and 17 after implantation (n = 8 per group). Statistical significance by unpaired t test on day 22 (maximal tumor burden in untreated mice): untreated + vaccine versus TMZ + vaccine, P = .0729; untreated + vaccine + αIL-2Rα mAb versus TMZ + vaccine + αIL-2Rα mAb, P = .0024; and TMZ + vaccine versus TMZ + vaccine + αIL-2Rα mAb, P = .0268).