NUP98-HOXA9, MYC, KRAS T58I, and IK6 promote the growth of CP-CML cells. (A) Experimental design used to assess the effects of 15 candidate cDNAs on the growth of CD34⁺ CP-CML cells in cultures initiated with equal numbers of test- and control-transduced cells (3-10 × 10³, depending on the experiment). (B) Total cells, CD34⁺ cells and CFCs in 6-week cultures. Values shown are the mean ratios of the numbers of test to control cells (identified by expression of GFP or YFP) or the matching CFC numbers measured in 4 replicate primary cultures. (C) Total cells present in 6-week secondary cultures (1 primary culture equivalent per secondary culture; total of 12 weeks of culture). Values shown are the mean ± SEM of ratios of the numbers of test to control cells. (D) Representative flow cytometric profiles of intracellular IKAROS protein levels in different subsets of CP-CML cells from 4 patients and CD34⁺ cells isolated from mobilized peripheral blood (MPB) samples from 2 normal donors. (E) Confocal microscopy images of representative single CP-CML cells, either untransduced (control) or following transduction with wild-type IKAROS (IK1) or IK6, and stained with 4,6 diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, blue) and an antibody reactive with both wild-type and IK6 isoforms (red). *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001. 1°, primary; 2°, secondary; 3°, tertiary; IDH1mut, IDH1 R132H; IK6, dominant-negative IKAROS, IK6 isoform; LTC, long-term culture; NA9, NUP98-HOXA9; ND13, NUP98-HOXD13; PI3Kca, PIK3CA H1047R; STAT5ca, STAT5A H298R/S710F²⁷ ; TP53dn, TP53 dominant-negative GSE56²⁸ ; TP53mut, TP53 R273C.